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Dyre Threat Report: What Is Dyre and How Does It Work?

Dyre is a banking Trojan that can be used to gain financial gain. It affects Windows operating systems and has been spotted with the following aliases: Dyre, Dyzap, and Dyreza. Dyre can detect sandbox analysis environments by inspecting the process list and Registry. It also has the ability to inject its code directly into web browser processes. Dyre uses HTTPS for C2 communications and can achieve persistence by adding a new task in the task scheduler to run every minute. It can also send information staged on a compromised host externally to C2.

Dyre Malware Capabilities

  • Dyre may employ various system checks to detect and avoid virtualization and analysis environments.
  • Dyre may inject code into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.
  • Dyre may communicate using application layer protocols associated with web traffic to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic.
  • Dyre may attempt to gather information about registered local system services.
  • Dyre may try to get detailed information about the operating system and hardware, including version, patches, hotfixes, service packs, and architecture.
  • Dyre may inject dynamic-link libraries into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.
  • Dyre may create or modify Windows services to repeatedly execute malicious payloads as part of persistence.
  • Dyre may abuse the Windows Task Scheduler to perform task scheduling for initial or recurring execution of malicious code. Dyre may attempt to collect data from a system by exfiltrating it over an existing command and control channel. 
  • The Dyre malware may attempt to discover information about local system services and the primary user or users on a system. This information may be used to determine whether or not to fully infect a system and/or carry out specific actions.
  • Dyre may use various methods to inject malicious code into legitimate processes, create or modify Windows services for persistence, or abuse the Windows Task Scheduler for execution of code. These actions could be used to establish a foothold on a system, gain privileges, or evade defenses.
  • Dyre may steal data by exfiltrating it over an existing command and control channel, or by transferring tools or other files from an external system into a compromised environment. Once present, adversaries may also transfer/spread tools between victim devices within a compromised environment. Dyre may use obfuscated files or information to hide artifacts of an intrusion from analysis.
  • Dyre may attempt to get a listing of software and software versions that are installed on a system or in a cloud environment. 

Ways to Mitigate Dyre Malware Attacks

  • The Dyre malware can be mitigated by monitoring for suspicious processes, analyzing network data, and looking for uncommon data flows. By doing this, it may be possible to detect and prevent the malware from running or spreading.
  • System and network discovery is a key part mitigating Dyre as it allows the adversary to learn about the environment and identify potential targets for further activities. Data and events should not be viewed in isolation, but as part of a larger picture that could reveal important information about the malware and its capabilities.
  •  Monitor Windows API calls and process execution for signs of suspicious activity. Additionally, it recommends logging command-line arguments and service binary paths for further analysis.
  • Dyre malware is a type of malware that is difficult to detect and can cause serious damage to a system. There are a few things that can be done to help mitigate the risk of Dyre malware, such as monitoring network data for unusual activity, monitoring for file creation and transfer, and detecting deobfuscation or decoding behavior.
  • The Dyre malware mitigation process involves regularly checking for compressed or encrypted data in publicly writeable directories, central locations, and commonly used staging directories. This data may be indicative of staging for lateral movement.

About Wizard spider Threat Group

Wizard spider is a Russia-based threat group that is known for creating and deploying TrickBot and conducting ransomware campaigns against various organizations.

Julio Rivera

Julio Rivera is a small business consultant, political activist, writer and Editorial Director for Reactionary Times.  His writing, which is concentrated on politics and cybersecurity, has also been published by websites including Newsmax, The Hill, The Washington Times, LifeZette, The Washington Examiner, American Thinker, The Toronto Sun, PJ Media and many others.

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